Casing is put in the well to stop the hole from collapsing and to prevent the risk of surface water getting into the well.
A seal of “grout” is often placed between the casing and the drilled hole to stop any surface water moving down outside the casing.
The most common well pumps in use are called “submersible”. They are powered by electricity and push the water up to the surface.
In any area where there is frost, the water pipe comes from the well through a pitless adapter below ground level. In warmer climates there is no need to use a pitless adapter; the water pipe can come out of the top of the well.
Water should drain away from the well head and the well cap should be tightly sealed.
